JOINT DEFECT

Joint Defect (Radiography Test)

POROSITY

: is the result of gas entrapment in the solidifying metal. 

SLAG INCLUSIONS

: are nonmetallic solid material entrapped in weld metal or between weld and base metal 

 

INCOMPLETE PENETRATION (IP) or lack of penetration (LOP)

: occurs when the weld metal fails to penetrate the joint. 

INCOMPLETE FUSION

: is a condition where the weld filler metal does not properly fuse with the base metal 

 

INTERNAL OR ROOT UNDERCUT

: is an erosion of the base metal next to the root of the weld.

EXTERNAL OR CROWN UNDERCUT

: is an erosion of the base metal next to the crown of the weld. 

 

EXCESS WELD REINFORCEMENT

: is an area of a weld that has weld metal added in excess of that specified by engineering drawings and codes 

 

CRACKS

: can be detected in a radiograph only when they are propagating in a direction that produces a change in thickness that is parallel to the x-ray beam